ApacheBench - A simple stress testing tool for http server

March 2, 2015

ApacheBench 簡稱 ab，是 Apache 自帶的 HTTP 負載測試命令列工具，程式主檔在 Apache 安裝目錄下的 bin 目錄內，可安裝 Apache 後取出使用，或是下載 Standalone 版本使用也可。

{% img /images/posts/ApacheBench/1.png %}

使用方式及參數如下：

Usage: /usr/sbin/ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. wait for responses
    -p postfile     File containg data to POST
    -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes 
  String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234' (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: zop'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -s              Use httpS instead of HTTP (SSL)
    -h              Display usage information (this message)

有需要隨時可在命令列叫用下列命令查閱：

ab
ab -h

{% img /images/posts/ApacheBench/2.png %}

比較常用的參數有 -n、-c、-k，-n 用來指定所要發送的 Request 數、-c 用來指定同時發送的 Request 數、-k 用來指定是否 Keep-Alive。

如果要簡單的發送一定數量的 Request 給網站，我們只要帶入 -n 參數並指定 Request 的數量，並帶上要發送的網站即可。

ab -n 10 http://www.google.com

發送完 ApacheBench 會有詳細的報告。

{% img /images/posts/ApacheBench/3.png %}

若要輸出報告留底，可用參數 -e 並帶上輸出的檔案位置，ApacheBench 會將之輸出成 CSV 檔。

如果除了發送一定數量的 Request 外還要設定 Concurrent 的量，可加帶 -c 參數與 Concurrent 的數量。

ab -n 10 -c 5 http://www.google.com

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